Which of the following is a disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis?

• A. Ibuprofen
• B. Metformin
• C. Interferon beta
• D. Sertraline

Answer: (C)

In multiple sclerosis, disease-modifying therapies are used to slow the immune-driven damage to myelin and reduce relapse rate and long-term disability. Interferon beta modulates the immune system, decreasing inflammatory T-cell activity and cytokine production, which lowers relapses and MRI activity, effectively altering the disease course rather than just addressing symptoms. The other drugs listed don’t change the disease process in MS: ibuprofen treats pain and inflammation but doesn’t modify MS progression, metformin is for diabetes, and sertraline is an antidepressant.